| Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of | | | | The adult type is embryo-free and can create a |
| arthritis in adults and affects roughly 40 million | | | | specific body part, such as tissue, cartilage and bone. |
| Americans. It is a disease that affects articular | | | | So how are adult stem cells obtained? According to |
| cartilage, the gristle that caps the ends of long bones. | | | | Dr. Nathan Wei, “Adult stem cells are |
| OA is a disease of weight-bearing joints such as the | | | | harvested from the posterior iliac crest of the pelvis |
| neck, low back, hips, and knees. | | | | (the back of the pelvis. Using local anesthetic with |
| Because the ability to ambulate depends entirely on | | | | ultrasound guidance, a small biopsy needle is |
| properly functioning legs, the impact of OA on the hips | | | | introduced. A syringe is connected to the needle and is |
| and knees cannot be discounted. In fact, it has been | | | | used to remove stem cells from the bone |
| estimated that more than 100,000 Americans cannot | | | | marrow.” Dr. Wei goes on to say, “The |
| walk independently from their bed to the bathroom. | | | | stem cells are then prepared and concentrated using a |
| The focus of treatment for this disease has been | | | | technique involving a specially designed |
| primarily on pain relief and lifestyle changes. Proper | | | | centrifuge.” |
| weight management, exercise, physical therapy, and | | | | “At the same time we also draw blood from |
| non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been the | | | | the patient in order to isolate platelet rich plasma. This |
| mainstays of treatment. For patients with more severe | | | | platelet rich plasma contains specific growth factors |
| problems, injections of corticosteroids | | | | that promote the regeneration of collagen, a major |
| (“cortisone”) and viscosupplements | | | | constituent of cartilage,” he adds. |
| have also been used. | | | | He goes on to say, “We then will enter the |
| Unfortunately, these measures, while temporizing, aid in | | | | knee with another small needle using local anesthetic |
| symptom control only. There have been no treatments | | | | and “tease” the cartilage and the |
| that have been shown conclusively to regenerate | | | | tendons that are the source of the arthritis … as |
| cartilage and to heal damaged cartilage. | | | | well as the source of much of the pain- all under |
| Glucosamine and chondroitin preparations have | | | | ultrasound guidance. When we’re done |
| demonstrated a modest effects in the maintenance of | | | | we’ll inject the stem cells and the platelet rich |
| cartilage… but studies have demonstrated | | | | plasma. The end result is cartilage regeneration.” |
| conflicting evidence in regards to the quantity of | | | | According to most experts, potential side-effects are |
| improvement. | | | | minimal. “Most patients are surprised at how |
| Recently, though, there has been increased interest in | | | | quickly they are active again. The advantage of stem |
| the use of stem cells as a possible treatment modality | | | | cell therapy is that it’s like getting a new set of |
| for this disease. | | | | tires. Unlike getting a knee replacement, you can go |
| The use of fetal stem cells is highly | | | | back to aerobics and running, Dr. Wei states.” |
| controversial… however, there is another good | | | | Dr. Wei says, “The advantage is that the |
| source that escapes the controversy- adult stem cells. | | | | patient is their own donor and provides their own |
| So what are stem cells? They are progenitor cells, | | | | therapy. It's a lot like getting a blood transfusion for |
| meaning they are the earliest form of cell. Stem cells | | | | yourself.” |
| (SC) are manufactured in the bone marrow and are | | | | Because the cells aren't foreign to the body, |
| pluropotential. This means they can differentiate into | | | | engineered or manipulated in any way, there's no |
| any kind of tissue cell. Stem cells are responsible for | | | | chance for contamination or rejection when the |
| growth and healing in the body. | | | | isolated cells re-enter the body. |